Assigxor to the



No. 396,941. Patented Jan. 29, 1889:

- Irygenl'or: LLMWX/WM/ UNITED STATES PATENT OEETCE.

EDIVARD R. KNOIVLES, OF BROOKLYN, NElV YORK, ASSIGNUR TO TIIE MI TUAI ELECTRIC MANI ICXC IIRING COMPANY, ()l NEW YORK.

ARMATU RE WINDING FOR DYNAMO=ELECTRIC MACHINES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 898,941, dated January 29, 1889. Application filed December 3, 1885. Renewed December 21, 1888. Serial No. 294,284. No model.)

To all whom it may concern-.-

Be it known that I, EDWARD R. KNOWLES, a citizen of the United States, residing at Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in and Method of Vinding Armatures, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to certain improvements in the disposition of the wires of the armature of a dynamo-electric machine, by which I effect a considerable saving of wire and labor and am enabled to greatly facilitate the winding operation, at the same time securing compactness, symmetry of shape, and perfect balance.

My invention consists in an armature with a double set of coils arranged in groups whose coils or loops are synnuetrically arranged on each side of a given diamettu', the inner end l of one loop being connected to the outer end of the next loop, thereby obtaining a continuous winding.

In the accompanying drawings, in the several figures of which like parts are designated by similar letters of reference, Figures 1 and 2 are front and rear end views of the armature, showing the method of winding. Fig. 3 is a side view, showing the shape and disposition of one of the wire loops of which the winding is made up; and Fig. i is a. sectional view of the armature, showing the windingblocks and insulating material.

The wire is put on in the form of loops, as shown in Fig. 3, the open corners of which are all broughtto the trontot themachine, but are arranged alternatel y on opposite parts of the same face. As shown in the drawings, four double groups of wires are employed, with eight loops in each group. The groups are arranged at angles of forty-live degrees with each other. More or less groups maybe employed, if desired, and in that case their angularpositions must correspond to their number.

The method of connecting the wire loops, as clearly shown in the drawings, is as follows: The inner end of each loop, as of loop a b, is carried across either overor under the i next loop, 1; d, and brought up to the outer end of the loop, cf, next but one to it. In like manner the inner end of this third loop, cf, is carried across the loop, g 71, next to it, and carried to the outer end of the second loop, j from it. These contiguous ends are then soldered together, the ends of the wire having been previouslystripped ot' the insulation. This system is carried out all around the armature, as shown, until the whole series of loops are connectial, forming a double and endless coil, wh ich, when rotated in a magnetic field, gives rise to currents that maybe taken ott by commutator-brushes. The commutator-in this case a thirt vtwo-leaved onehas each leaf connected with one of the soldered joints of the coil. It the field is so arranged as to have its opposite poles at N and S, the (mnmutator and brushes must be arranged to take ot't the current from points as near as maybe at right angles to the line connecting N and S.

It will be observed that no attmupt is made to secure diametric winding, but, on the contrary, that my method is one that, in general terms, maintains the numbers ot the groups of wires parallel to the particular diameter. I have ascertained that the polar regions ot the field extend over a sut'ticient arc of the circle of the armature to render this method of group winding perfectly effectual.

The armature is a hollow cylinder with openings A A A A for ventilation in its ends. To keep the wires away from the center, so as to leave these openings partly or entirely free for the circulation of air, they are diverted From a straight; line, as shown. To

'ett'ect this curving of the wires, I employ wind ing-bloclcs l3 4, which tit loosely upon the shat't, t of the armature, and when pushed into position for the winding operation surround the bosses l) l), as illustratwl by the position or block li, and the wires are then carried around the blocks. \Vhen the winding is finished, the blocks l) l3 are removed from the armature, and the wires, by their natural stittness, retain the position given them.

To perfectly separate the wires t'rom the metal of the drum, I employ some suitable inl sulating material; the arrangement and position of Which are clearly shown by the dark lines a 00.

\Vhat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent is v 1'. An armature having its coils divided into a number of groups, each group consisting of a number of separate bobbins or Wires, and one-half of the bobbins in each group Wound 1 parallel to each other and parallel to and on one side of a given diameter, alternate bob- Y bins in the several groups starting from opl posite sides of the same end of the armature, 5 substantially as described. i

2. An armature having its coils disposed around it in groups of parallel Wires starting in alternation from opposite sides of the same end of the armature and similarly ending at the same end of the armature, the ends of the i said coils or bobbins of the sex eral groups being connected in alternation, substantially 

